Among patients with ICAD, concurrent stenosis in the extracranial carotid artery (24 vs 3 PвЂ‰=вЂ‰.08 adjusted hazard ratioвЂ‰=вЂ‰2.12) and the coronary artery (19 vs 8 PвЂ‰=вЂ‰.01 aHRвЂ‰=вЂ‰1.90) increased the MACE risk. Patients with significant ICAD more often had aortic arch (70 vs 99 PвЂ‰=вЂ‰.04) and coronary artery (103 vs 153 PвЂ‰=вЂ‰.007) atherosclerosis than those without. Significant ICAD was found in 146 (36.2%). Results Of 403 participants, 298 (74%) were men and the mean (SD) age was 62.6 (13.1) years. We estimated the 4-year risk of major adverse cardiovascular events (MACE), including vascular death, nonfatal cardiac events, nonfatal stroke, and major peripheral arterial events. Coexistent stroke etiologies were assessed using the atherosclerosis, small-vessel disease, cardiac pathology, other cause, and dissection (ASCOD) grading system. Systemic vascular investigations on atherosclerotic disease were performed with ultrasonography in carotid arteries, aorta and femoral arteries, and by angiography in coronary arteries. Main Outcomes and Measures Significant ICAD was defined as having 50% or greater stenosis/occlusion by contrast-enhanced/time-of-flight magnetic resonance angiography, computed tomography angiography, and/or transcranial Doppler ultrasonography. After excluding 2 patients because of incomplete investigations, 403 were included in this analysis. Objectives To describe the prevalence of systemic atherosclerotic burdens and overlapping stroke etiologies and their contributions to long-term prognoses among patients who have experienced stroke with ICAD.Дesign, Setting, and Participants The Asymptomatic Myocardial Ischemia in Stroke and Atherosclerotic Disease study is a single-center prospective study in which 405 patients with acute ischemic stroke within 10 days of onset were consecutively enrolled between June 2005 and December 2008 and followed up for 4 years. However, little is known about the frequency and prognostic effect of such overlapping diseases. Importance Patients who have experienced stroke with intracranial atherosclerotic disease (ICAD) may also have concomitant atherosclerosis in different arterial beds and other possible causes for ischemic stroke. Shared Decision Making and Communication.Scientific Discovery and the Future of Medicine.Health Care Economics, Insurance, Payment.Clinical Implications of Basic Neuroscience.Challenges in Clinical Electrocardiography.

Icad stroke